Association between early cumulative fluid balance and successful liberation from invasive ventilation in COVID-19 ARDS patients - insights from the PRoVENT-COVID study: a national, multicenter, observational cohort analysis

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Abstract

Background: Increasing evidence indicates the potential benefits of restricted fluid management in critically ill patients. Evidence lacks on the optimal fluid management strategy for invasively ventilated COVID-19 patients. We hypothesized that the cumulative fluid balance would affect the successful liberation of invasive ventilation in COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Methods: We analyzed data from the multicenter observational ‘PRactice of VENTilation in COVID-19 patients’ study. Patients with confirmed COVID-19 and ARDS who required invasive ventilation during the first 3 months of the international outbreak (March 1, 2020, to June 2020) across 22 hospitals in the Netherlands were included. The primary outcome was successful liberation of invasive ventilation, modeled as a function of day 3 cumulative fluid balance using Cox proportional hazards models, using the crude and the adjusted association. Sensitivity analyses without missing data and modeling ARDS severity were performed. Results: Among 650 patients, three groups were identified. Patients in the higher, intermediate, and lower groups had a median cumulative fluid balance of 1.98 L (1.27–7.72 L), 0.78 L (0.26–1.27 L), and − 0.35 L (− 6.52–0.26 L), respectively. Higher day 3 cumulative fluid balance was significantly associated with a lower probability of successful ventilation liberation (adjusted hazard ratio 0.86, 95% CI 0.77–0.95, P = 0.0047). Sensitivity analyses showed similar results. Conclusions: In a cohort of invasively ventilated patients with COVID-19 and ARDS, a higher cumulative fluid balance was associated with a longer ventilation duration, indicating that restricted fluid management in these patients may be beneficial. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04346342); Date of registration: April 15, 2020. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]

Original languageEnglish
Article number157
Pages (from-to)1-12
JournalCritical care (London, England)
Volume26
Issue number1
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Jun 2022

Keywords

  • COVID-19/therapy
  • Cohort Studies
  • Humans
  • Noninvasive Ventilation
  • Respiration
  • Respiratory Distress Syndrome/therapy
  • Water-Electrolyte Balance
  • COVID-19
  • Liberation of ventilation
  • Critical care
  • Cumulative fluid balance
  • ARDS

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