TY - JOUR
T1 - 3D gastruloids
T2 - a novel frontier in stem cell-based in vitro modeling of mammalian gastrulation
AU - van den Brink, Susanne C.
AU - van Oudenaarden, Alexander
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Anna Alemany and other members of the van Oudenaarden lab for their contributions to this review. This work is part of the Oncode Institute, which is partly financed by The Dutch Cancer Society .
Funding Information:
We thank Anna Alemany and other members of the van Oudenaarden lab for their contributions to this review. This work is part of the Oncode Institute, which is partly financed by The Dutch Cancer Society. The authors declare no conflicts of interest related to this work. S.C.B. wrote the manuscript, with supervision from A.O.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Authors
PY - 2021/9
Y1 - 2021/9
N2 - 3D gastruloids, aggregates of embryonic stem cells that recapitulate key aspects of gastrula-stage embryos, have emerged as a powerful tool to study the early stages of mammalian post-implantation development in vitro. Owing to their tractable nature and the relative ease by which they can be generated in large numbers, 3D gastruloids provide an unparalleled opportunity to study normal and pathological embryogenesis from a bottom-up perspective and in a high-throughput manner. Here, we review how gastruloid models can be exploited to deepen our understanding of mammalian development. In addition, we discuss current limitations, potential clinical applications, and ethical implications of this emerging model system.
AB - 3D gastruloids, aggregates of embryonic stem cells that recapitulate key aspects of gastrula-stage embryos, have emerged as a powerful tool to study the early stages of mammalian post-implantation development in vitro. Owing to their tractable nature and the relative ease by which they can be generated in large numbers, 3D gastruloids provide an unparalleled opportunity to study normal and pathological embryogenesis from a bottom-up perspective and in a high-throughput manner. Here, we review how gastruloid models can be exploited to deepen our understanding of mammalian development. In addition, we discuss current limitations, potential clinical applications, and ethical implications of this emerging model system.
KW - 3D gastruloids
KW - applications
KW - embryology
KW - in vitro 3D embryo models
KW - stem cells
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85111060807&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.tcb.2021.06.007
DO - 10.1016/j.tcb.2021.06.007
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85111060807
SN - 0962-8924
VL - 31
SP - 747
EP - 759
JO - Trends in Cell Biology
JF - Trends in Cell Biology
IS - 9
ER -